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Henry Purcell (1659-1695): In thee, O Lord, do I put my trust Z16

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June 14, 2013

Purcell Closterman Small Purcell's verse anthem In thee, O Lord, do I put my trust (Z16) dates from around 1682 – the middle of the period during which Purcell composed most of his anthems with string accompaniment. Its source is the British Museum's 'Royal' manuscript but it's probably based on an earlier and rougher autograph now held in the Bodleian Library, Oxford. It's an unusual anthem in that it's opening symphony is set on a ground bass, and that ground bass is in itself unusual in that Purcell recycled it for use in the song O solitude, my sweetest choice something he almost never did.

The Symphony opens the piece it's one complete section and sets a gentle slightly melancholy mood as it progresses you can hear the how the six-note rising scale that characterises the ground bass creates a musical texture leading into the first vocal section. This starts with the soloists echoing each other in declaring their trust in The Lord and begging him to deliver them in his righteousness. The next line 'Incline thine ear unto me and save me' leads into a brief instrumental ritornello which gives way in turn to the countertenor—tenor,  duet 'For thou, O Lord God'. Countertenor and tenor are joined by the bass soloist for 'Through thee have I been holden up ever since I was born … '   with some dropping chromaticism for 'thou art he that took me out of my mother’s womb'. Purcell closes this the second section of the anthem with a lyrical and flowing Symphony full of the the bittersweet harmonies that so define his music.

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Granville Bantock (1868-1946): Song to the Seals

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June 13, 2013

BantockGranville Bantock's output was vast he composed numerous operas and incidental music, huge choral works, to say nothing of his prodigious output of orchestral music, chamber music, and songs. And yet his name is well-nigh unknown today. This is a great pity as  much of his music is very fine.  It may also be about to change as no less than five pieces of his music are to be performed during this year's Proms (the Guardian's Tom Service has a very good article on Bantock here: Proms 2013: Just who is Granville Bantock? | Music | guardian.co.uk). Amongst his no less than forty collections of song cycles there were many that were strongly influenced by traditional Scottish airs and songs. This one, 'Song to the Seals' was published in 1930 it's inspired by a melody Bantock heard while on a trip to the Hebrides, the singer, he recounted, was surrounded by seals who had gathered round attracted by her singing.  You can hear it below sung by Robert White accompanied by Stephen Hough. Enjoy :-).

markfromireland

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Christopher Tye (±1505 — before 15 March 1573): Omnes Gentes, Plaudite Manibus

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June 12, 2013

Tye’s life and career straddled four reigns Henry VIII, Edward VI, and Mary I, Elizabeth I or to put it another way his life and career straddled some of the most turbulent and dangerous decades of English history decades during which men like Tye were forced to decide which side of an increasingly vicious struggle for men's religious allegiances was being waged. These were decades during which the State sanctioned religion switched from the Catholic faith to a reformed one  and back again repeatedly:

  • Henry VII: Catholic to reformed Church of England.
  • Edward VI: Protestant, Church of England became more profoundly protestant in both doctrines and practises.
  • Mary I: Returned English church and state to Catholicism.
  • Elizabeth I: Protestant monarch Catholic faith overthown in favour of reformed Church of England with Elizabeth as its supreme governor.

Tye survived all of this social, religious, and political tumult ending his career during the reign of Elizabeth I as a priest in the Diocese of Ely's famous Cathedral. His psalm motet Omnes gentes, plaudite manibus (O clap your hands together all ye people) is a bit difficult to date. Clearly we can eliminate the reign of Edward Vi (28 January 1547 – 6 July 1553) and  the years of Tye's life during which Elizabeth I was queen regnant (17 November 1558 and March 1573 or a bit before that month). So it has to be either Henrician or Marian. I think it's most likely Marian, Mary I (bloody Mary as English protestants soon came to call her) reigned for five years from July 6th 1553 until her death on November 17th 1558 she was determined to restore the Catholic faith and so far as possible undo what she thought of as the damage done first by her father and then her brother to England and its people and to that end commissioned new works from English composers to adorn the Liturgy. The style of the motet also argues for it being a more mature work composed during Mary's five-year reign:

  • First there's its triumphal and ebullient tone –  exactly the sort of tone you would expect from a church celebrating its triumphant return under a Catholic monarch determined to root out heresy.
  • Second it's a very tightly and concisely written piece of music with a driving duple metre rythmn which again suggests Mary's reign to me rather than Henry's.

Two final points before I go, the first is about the sound of the voices you'll hear – bright, clear, and glittering, this brilliant sound is only obtained where the voices particularly the treble and contratenor part maintain a high tessitura throughout. Such a sound is entirely appropriate to the text, which Tye's contemporaries whether they were Catholics or Anglicans associated with the Feast of the Ascension. However, this very high tessitura can be very difficult for modern trebles to attain and maintain not least because today's trebles voices tend to change somewhat younger than was the case in tudor times. Difficult, but not impossible, particularly when the choir in question is the Westminster Cathedral Choir who sing this and other renaissance polyphony as their daily bread and butter. Any singing of music from a different era involves compromises but this performance is as close to what Tye would have expected and wanted to hear as possible. It also happens to be very beautiful. Enjoy :-).

markfromireland

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William Byrd (±1539-1623): Salve regina a 5

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June 11, 2013

William Byrd captioned 150x220px When Byrd took his family away from London with it's surveillance and denunciations to live in the comparative safety of Stondon Massey in Essex he did so in large part so that he could be nearer to his patron Sir William Petre and could participate in the recusant Catholic rites – particularly the Mass, that took place at Ingatestone Hall organised by the Petre family. Byrd soon established himself as an integral part of the Petre's community and produced a lot of music specifically for Catholic liturgical use. The change obviously suited him because he produced a lot music including that found in the Cantiones Sacrae of 1591. If anyone had doubted Byrd's allegiance to the Catholic faith a quick glance at his dedication to the notorious Catholic sympathiser (and Ridolfi's co-conspirator) Lord John Lumley and the fact that the fourth item published in the collection was Byrd's setting of the Marian antiphon 'Salve regina' would have immediately dispelled them. There was absolutely no place in protestant England for this piece of Marian devotion and for Byrd to publish it was both brave and a clear declaration of faith and defiance.

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Louis Armstrong (1901 – 1971): What a Wonderful World — Poznańskie Słowiki – YouTube

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June 10, 2013

How about we start the week with some Louis Armstrong sung by the brilliant Polish choir the 'Poznańskie Słowiki' (Poznan Nightingales)? Enjoy

markfromireland

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Forthcoming Posts

  • John Taverner (c1490-1545): Magnificat a 4 Nesciens Mater
  • Henry Purcell (1659-1695): Let the night perish ‘Job’s curse’
  • John Jacob Niles (1892–1980): Black is the Color (Of my true love’s hair)

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